{"id":1561,"date":"2012-11-26T05:15:09","date_gmt":"2012-11-26T05:15:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/janetkayfetz.wordpress.com\/?p=195"},"modified":"2012-11-26T05:15:09","modified_gmt":"2012-11-26T05:15:09","slug":"backward-buildup-and-writing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/","title":{"rendered":"Backward Buildup and Writing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In an <a title=\"Backward Buildup &amp; Organizing Your\u00a0Talk\" href=\"http:\/\/janetkayfetz.wordpress.com\/2012\/05\/26\/backward-buildup-and-organizing-your-talk\/\">earlier post<\/a> I wrote about backward buildup as a way to organize a presentation by starting at the end of your story and working back to the beginning. Backward buildup can also be very useful when organizing a written text. You can use the idea of backward buildup before you have started to compose, or you can use it to refine the organization of an already prepared draft.<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s apply the idea of backward buildup to a draft:<\/p>\n<p>1. Story<\/p>\n<p>The most important ingredient of your text is your story. No matter if you are writing a science research paper, a memo, an executive summary, an email, a grant proposal, a job application letter &#8212; you must express clearly the ideas you want your reader to understand, think about, be motivated by, be inspired by.<\/p>\n<p>2. Backward Buildup<\/p>\n<p>Organize your story into a logical sequence by starting at the end and working backwards to the beginning. Define subsections, headings, and placement of visuals if appropriate.<\/p>\n<p>Example &#8211; A job application letter:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Closing<\/li>\n<li>Paragraph 4 &#8211;\u00a0Personal qualities and values<\/li>\n<li>Paragraph 3 &#8211; Work experience<\/li>\n<li>Paragraph 2 &#8211; Relevant educational background<\/li>\n<li>Paragraph 1 &#8211; Introduction<\/li>\n<li>Date and greeting<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>3. Fine-tuning<\/p>\n<p>After scrutinizing your text from back to front, look at it in the usual direction &#8212; from front to back. This is the time to make sure that you have included all of the elements of your story. Is anything missing? Does the sequencing need to be adjusted? Have you included something that does not add to the story and should be edited out? Add or remove things as necessary, making sure that the story is complete and that the paragraphs and sections have a logical flow.<\/p>\n<p>Looking at our example &#8212; As part of his fine-tuning, the writer of the job application letter decided to add more detail to paragraph 3. Because paragraph 3 was now too long and dense, he divided it into two separate paragraphs for clarity and impact. His revised letter has 5 paragraphs instead of 4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>New paragraph 3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Most recent work experience<\/li>\n<li>New paragraph 4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Other relevant work experience<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>4. Word count and balance<\/p>\n<p>Your text must fit within the word count for the genre you have chosen. You may be given a count (\u201cNo more than 2000 words\u201d), or you may decide your own text length (\u201cOne page, single spaced &#8212; approximately 500-600 words\u201d). Count the words in each paragraph and get a feeling for the average length. Sometimes a longer than average paragraph indicates unnecessary repetition or wordiness. If you find a very long paragraph, you may want to look for a way to divide it into two separate paragraphs to improve balance and readability.<\/p>\n<p>Going back to the job application letter &#8212;<\/p>\n<p>The writer chose to fit his text on one page, single-spaced. In order to tell his story most effectively within this length restriction, he made a number of specific choices to calibrate the balance, impact, and formatting of his text. For example, one choice he made was to devote half of the total word count (289 words) to a discussion of his work experience. Another choice was to limit a discussion of his personal qualities to 87 words, leading the reader quickly to the closing.<\/p>\n<p>Example &#8212; Final word count &#8211; 578 words<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Closing &#8211; 8 words<\/li>\n<li>Paragraph 5 &#8211; Personal qualities and values &#8211; 87 words<\/li>\n<li>Paragraph 4 &#8211;\u00a0Other relevant work experience &#8211; 132 words<\/li>\n<li>Paragraph 3 &#8211; Most recent work experience &#8211; 157 words<\/li>\n<li>Paragraph 2 &#8211; Relevant educational background &#8211; 122 words<\/li>\n<li>Paragraph 1 &#8211; Introduction &#8211; 56 words<\/li>\n<li>Date and greeting &#8211; 16 words<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Try backward buildup with a sample of your writing-in-progress. I think that standing at the end of your story and looking back to its beginning, especially when you have a working draft, gives you an interesting perspective about the trajectory of the ideas and may reveal alternate and more effective options for their evolution.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In an earlier post I wrote about backward buildup as [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1561","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-writing"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Backward Buildup and Writing - wasatchfrontwasteandrecyclingdistrict.qrplanet.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Backward Buildup and Writing - wasatchfrontwasteandrecyclingdistrict.qrplanet.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In an earlier post I wrote about backward buildup as [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"wasatchfrontwasteandrecyclingdistrict.qrplanet.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-11-26T05:15:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Janet Kayfetz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Janet Kayfetz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/\",\"name\":\"Backward Buildup and Writing - wasatchfrontwasteandrecyclingdistrict.qrplanet.com\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2012-11-26T05:15:09+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/#\/schema\/person\/d57a15b7e4cdd33103cc9b33a4c44fea\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Backward Buildup and Writing\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/\",\"name\":\"wasatchfrontwasteandrecyclingdistrict.qrplanet.com\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/#\/schema\/person\/d57a15b7e4cdd33103cc9b33a4c44fea\",\"name\":\"Janet Kayfetz\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/97a5703ea4a38c72f533eb9f4f445335?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/97a5703ea4a38c72f533eb9f4f445335?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Janet Kayfetz\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/author\/janet\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Backward Buildup and Writing - wasatchfrontwasteandrecyclingdistrict.qrplanet.com","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Backward Buildup and Writing - wasatchfrontwasteandrecyclingdistrict.qrplanet.com","og_description":"In an earlier post I wrote about backward buildup as [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/","og_site_name":"wasatchfrontwasteandrecyclingdistrict.qrplanet.com","article_published_time":"2012-11-26T05:15:09+00:00","author":"Janet Kayfetz","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Janet Kayfetz","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/","url":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/","name":"Backward Buildup and Writing - wasatchfrontwasteandrecyclingdistrict.qrplanet.com","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/#website"},"datePublished":"2012-11-26T05:15:09+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/#\/schema\/person\/d57a15b7e4cdd33103cc9b33a4c44fea"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/backward-buildup-and-writing\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Backward Buildup and Writing"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/#website","url":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/","name":"wasatchfrontwasteandrecyclingdistrict.qrplanet.com","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/#\/schema\/person\/d57a15b7e4cdd33103cc9b33a4c44fea","name":"Janet Kayfetz","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/97a5703ea4a38c72f533eb9f4f445335?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/97a5703ea4a38c72f533eb9f4f445335?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Janet Kayfetz"},"url":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/author\/janet\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1561"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1561"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1561\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1561"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1561"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/riggscreative.com\/clients\/dev1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1561"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}